Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Accountant as Consultant Reflection
Question: Discuss about theAccountant as Consultant Reflection. Answer: Reflections on Being an Accounting Consultant Working on a Complex Project Our product was Shanghai Khussa from Pakistan for completion of the business plan. Being an accountant consultant, I realized that it is not an easy work. The reason behind this is that I really found it difficult to prepare, analyze, communicate, and store financial statements and related implementation of procedures for our business. I wonder how accountant consultants are able to provide guidelines in complying with applicable accounting standards such as auditing annual financial result of a client, tax calculation, and to prepare annual, quarterly financial statement for a client. Besides this, I examined that I need to provide specialized financial advice to all my clients. I should work closely work with my clients to recognize their financial data sources along with establishing the best way to data collection and process. I came to know that I belong to facilitator or process mode of advisor, who support its client on solving business problems. Reflections on Fieldwork and the Business Plan Project For successful completion of our project, we have divided the work of each member, working in a team. Muhammad Haris Mukhtar (I) was playing the role of Operation admin, Muhammad Hamza Ere taking care of all financial statements and transactions, while, Nadeem was taking care of all management process related to our business plan and Govin was handling the operation process. I personally feel that, by giving each person responsibility, work can be managed effectively and it also helps to motivate each individual of a group. It is because if an individual will not be given responsibility, one will not take interest in the work which can affect the work. Reflects upon the application of theory and concepts used in anticipating and solving problems of small business through the BP process As an accountant consultant, I have used different application theory and concepts in BP process to solve the problem related to the small business. These application theories and concepts are effective leadership, innovative evaluation, balanced scorecard method, knowledge management, development theory, collaborative learning, balanced scorecard method, and conflict management strategies (Jeston and Nelis, 2014). I have utilized these concepts in small business process that was beneficial to me to meet the objectives effectively and efficiently. Through these concepts, I have easily handled the different problem of the business process named conflict among the team members, inappropriate performance appraisal, inappropriate knowledge, and learning. It was beneficial to accomplish the set of task successfully. Further, I will use these concepts in future in small business process that can advantageous to me to effective work as an accountant consultant. Reflects on the breadth of global challenges that SMEs and entrepreneurs are faced with As an accountant consultant, I had worked in small and medium enterprises. I had developed understanding about different global challenges that was faced by the small and medium business entrepreneurs. These challenges are lack of financial supports, poor infrastructure, government regulation, international expansion issues, lack of government-sponsored support, and threats of increased competition from entrants (Kazimoto, 2014). These are major global challenges that have affected the business profitability. Further, as an accountant consultant, I will able to face the global challenges with respect to the small and medium enterprises in the future. Besides this, I will also able to deal with the global challenges and accomplish the set of tasks effectively. Reflects and comments on additional research conducted: journal and newspaper articles and other communications methods (TV, DVDs, CDs, film) According to the Kazimoto (2014), there are several global challenges that are faced by small and medium size enterprises. These challenges are non-access to international marketing, Lack of International Marketing Standards and regulations, Lack of Government Support to SMEs, Setting customer services and needs satisfaction, Lack of Skills for entrepreneurship, Weak Networking Structure for international marketing. These challenges are also faced by me as an account consultant while I had worked in small and medium enterprises. From the journal articles, I had gained my understanding about these global challenges. As an accountant consultant, I will able to tackle these challenges while it will happen again in the future. Reflects on the evolution of the final BP through the process of clarification and refinement I had gained my understanding of the evolution if final business process. In the first phase of the business process, I had developed the understanding about the quality management and task efficiency. This phase enabled me to effective work in the functional hierarchy and assembly line. As an accountant consultant, I will able to implement the computerization and standardization in order to keep the record. Further, from the second phase, I had developed the understanding about the process innovation best practices. This process is effective to me to make better, faster, and less expensive work due to the utilization of the internet. It also gained my knowledge related to the end to end business process, value propositions speed to market, and operational excellence. Additionally, I had also gained my knowledge through the study of the third phase of the business process. Through this phase, I have gained my knowledge about the assessment, adaptability, and agility. Further, I have learned about the 24*7 global businesses that are beneficial to me deal with the global business challenges. I have also gained my experience related to the continual transformation that is effective to me to complete the task successfully. Provision of Examples in support of arguments raised and reflections throughout the journal As an accountant consultant, when I have worked in small and medium enterprises, I have arises difficulty to several global challenges. Because, I was not aware such kinds of global challenges like different types of legal restriction on exporting and importing the goods and services. Further, I have faced difficulty in maintaining the record appropriately because there are several types of taxes imposed by the government. These taxes make the complication keep the financial information. Besides to this, it creates a problem such as lack of capital to manage the inventory. Reflects Upon how the BP Project Experience may Serve Future Career Business plan project will be beneficial for me to effectively plan for my business operations as I want to become a businessman. The practical knowledge related to a business plan was understood by me. Before working on this project, I believed that business planning is easy to do but when I start working on this, I found it very difficult. It is because full attention is required while preparing it taking in view the financial budget of one. I learn how and when to plan good business operations for the smooth running of business. Additionally, it is helpful to know about marketing strategies, competitive analysis, and idea of financial factors. Development, design, operation, and management plans are a key component of the business plan. I think competitive analysis and financial factor are hard to implement in real life in comparison to written words in the business plan. Provides Reflections in Relation to Working in/ with a Team My experience while working in a team was fantastic. My team members namely Muhammad Hamza Ere, Nadeem, and Govin were so supportive and helpful. In the beginning of the project, we were not familiar with each other, which sometimes results in conflicts and disputes among us. The reason behind this is that we were not agreed upon a common point, all were having different views and opinions. However, working together, we came to know each others strength which will benefit us in the completion of the project. Hence, putting other things aside, we started focusing on the work with individual strength. While working in a team, I understood the importance of the group. It is because as everybody has limited opinions, ideas, I too have but working in the team was helpful to understand each other thoughts and views along with knowledge gain. Further, my communication was improved. Sometimes, I felt motiveless and failed to perform my duties, but my group has supported me and motivated me a lot. By the help of which, I was able to successfully complete my tasks. Refers to the Overall Lessons learned and Links it to Real-life Situations I have learned a lot about marketing, financial, management concepts, strategy development process, and tips for effective business plans. I understand the importance of funding capital for new business, the importance of financial and non-financial information, legal issues faced by business firms, the role of market research, and business process. The best and interesting thing I found in this project was that it was related to my interest. Additionally, I will come to know about how to design and implement an effective business plan for my future growth. This will help me to become a successful businessman by following key elements of conducted plan. When I get to know about this project, I get excited because I love to make friends and interact with others. This project gave me the opportunity to make new friends, and understand the basic of a business plan. Reflects upon what Interested and/ or Excited him/her about this Project For our business plan, we have started with finding out the best possible location and the facilities we are going to provide. We found a suitable place at Parramatta Westfield Shopping Centre, for starting up business. I found this to be very difficult because we were taking this space on rent. Therefore, the rental agreement came into force. I wonder, how many and how long process will take place for those, who buy land for their business operations. After this, advertising and promotion of our business are to be performed. For this, Muhammad Hamza considered the budget with the advice of Nadeem and came into conclusion that we need to promote business online. Along with this, we preferred to reward programs for customers as to increase publicity and create the positive perception in the mind of customers. For the control of stocks, Govin has prepared an excel sheet where he uses to record all the transaction related to what is on hand, what is on order, and what has been sold so that we can provide best services to our customers. I examined the necessity of basic utilities in the business that includes electricity, rental bundle, telephone, office supplies, and insurance. All these are important for the successful running of the business. I found that if anyone is missing then one cannot operate a business. Muhammad Hamza told us that this will cost us around $1650 monthly. Additionally, 2-2 laptops and printers/fax were arranged by us as I.T. plays a vital role in business success. Nadeem had planned recruitment and selection of staff with their roles and duty. Also, salary, compensation, and superannuation were set by him. Document flow chart and accounting system were designed by me and Muhammad Hamza. Also, we need to conduct field work to arrange best have suppliers of our product for the preferred location of our business. After few weeks, Nadeem was successful in dealing with four suppliers namely Omega Exports, Shaheen Traders, Mumtaz Bazaar, and Khussa Khussa, who will supply us Khussa of different varieties. Reflects on what He/She would do Differently if Starting the BP Project Afresh There would be several challenges faced by me while I will start the BP project. These challenges are related to automation process, standardization, government regulation, knowledge management, and team management. But, I can overcome these problems due to having great experience in the business process. I will also able to meet the project objectives effectively and efficiently due to having conflict management skills. I will use my skill in the business process of the project to enhance the productivity and profitability of the company. Besides to this, I will be able to make adjustment and medication in the business process due to having great skill. References Jeston, J., and Nelis, J. (2014)Business process management. UK: Routledge. Kazimoto, P. (2014) Assessment of Challenges facing Small and Medium Enterprises towards International Marketing Standards: a Case Study of Arusha Region Tanzania,International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences,4(2), pp. 303-311.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Increasing Competitive Advantage Construction Industries Transportat
Question: Discuss about the Increasing Competitive Advantage for Construction Industries Transportation. Answer: Introduction Caterpillar Inc. is one of the leading manufacturers of construction and mining equipment. There are mainly three product segments through which the company operates. The product segments include Construction Industries, Transportation as well as Resource Industries. Through Financial Products segment, the company provides financing and related services. A competitive advantage is a method that helps to generate value for the customers that the opponents will not be able to generate (Hocken and Pereira 2016). Components of customer-relating capability One or two companies in most of the markets do better than their competitors by staying personally connected to their customers. Customer relating capability mostly deals with the fact that how a business constructs and manages its organization. There are mainly three components of customer-relating capability. The first component is an organizational orientation that makes the preservation of the customers a priority. With the help of this component, the workers of Caterpillar Companywill be able to treat the customers differently. When one function such as sales believes it possess the customers, an orientation becomes counterproductive (Wang and Feng 2012). The second component is a configuration that comprises of the structure of the organization as well as its producers in order to personalize the commodities and service offerings. It is the most powerful component of an advanced capability. The companies that have a superior configuration are also structured in order to make sure that the customers have a flawless interaction with all parts of the business (Christensen 2013). The third and the final component of customer-relating capability is information. The information is mainly related to the in-depth information of the customers with the help of IT systems in all parts of the company. Most of the companies that consider CRM capabilities think about information technology first. Competitive strategy mainly consists of all the moves and approaches that are taken by a firm in order to attract the purchasers as well as survive competitive pressures. The three competitive strategies are as follows: Low Cost Producer: One of the influential competitive approaches in markets is to become a low-cost producer. This plan will help Caterpillar to start a sustainable cost advantage over opponents. With the help of this strategy, the company will be able either to use a lower cost as a basis for under pricing opponents or to gain market share. A cost advantage will create superior profitability for the company. If Caterpillar achieves low-cost leadership, it will typically make low cost relative to its opponent. Successful low-cost producers typically accomplish their cost advantages by thoroughly pursuing cost savings throughout the activity-cost chain (Thompson, McWilliams and Shanley 2014). The essential resources that are required to execute this strategy comprises of control cost driver that helps to downgrade the costs of value chain activities. This is mainly executed by performing an enhanced job as compared to the competitors. Another essential resource is the refurbishing value chain to diminish cost. This can be performed by shifting to E-business technology as well as involving direct marketing. In other words, marketing products directly from producers to purchasers will help to reduce cost. Price competition among rival sellers is a leading competitive force. Differentiation Strategies: When the requirements and the preferences of the individuals are too diverse, differentiation strategies come to play. Profitability is mainly enhanced with the help of this strategy whenever the additional price the commodity commands prevails over the additional costs of achieving differentiation. Caterpillar requires building value-creating attributes that will increase the performance of the products. The company needs to incorporate features that will enhance the satisfaction of the purchaser in both concrete and elusive way (Wagner III and Hollenbeck 2014). The resources that are required to execute the above strategy include the mitigation of the bargaining power of large purchasers. With the help of differentiation, the company will be able to charge higher prices that will help to increase the marginal profit. Differentiation will help the company to produce a striking as well as longer-lasting competitive edge that will mainly based on quality and technical supremacy. The performances can be measured by creating superior value by meeting the expectation of the purchasers on performance characteristics and beating the expectation on price (West, Ford and Ibrahim 2015). Specialization and focus: Caterpillar requires selecting a market position that will comprise of a number of purchasers who have distinctive requirements. The geographic exclusivity mainly characterizes the market position. On the other hand, the focus strategy deals with low cost that depends on the segment of a buyer whose requirements are less costly to satisfy as compared to the rest of the world. The focus strategy is a moderately widespread technique that will help Caterpillar to achieve a price breakthrough. A focus strategy will become increasingly striking if the segment is big enough to be gainful (Clark and Huckman 2012). Conclusion It can be concluded that differentiation will help Caterpillar to produce a striking as well as longer-lasting competitive edge that will mainly based on quality and technical supremacy. It has also been concluded that Caterpillar requires building value-creating attributes that will increase the performance of the products. It has been concluded that the bargaining advantage of influential customers is blunted to some extent by their own reluctance to shift their business to competitor firms who are less competent to serve their demand. References Christensen, C., 2013.The innovator's dilemma: when new technologies cause great firms to fail. Harvard Business Review Press. Clark, J.R. and Huckman, R.S., 2012. Broadening focus: Spillovers, complementarities, and specialization in the hospital industry.Management Science,58(4), pp.708-722. Hocken, R.J. and Pereira, P.H. eds., 2016.Coordinate measuring machines and systems. CRC Press. Thompson, P.B., McWilliams, A. and Shanley, M., 2014. Creating competitive advantage: a stakeholder view of employee ownership.International Journal of Strategic Change Management,5(3), pp.262-279. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge. Wang, Y. and Feng, H., 2012. Customer relationship management capabilities: Measurement, antecedents and consequences.Management Decision,50(1), pp.115-129. West, D., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press.
Thursday, April 16, 2020
Term Paper Guidelines Economics 335 Essays - Economy, Economics
Term Paper Guidelines : Economics 335 Purpose The purpose of the term paper is to give you an opportunity to apply the economic concepts, principles, tools, and models that we have and will examine in this course to interpret current macro economic events. You may decide the exact topic of the paper, so this paper provides you with an opportunity to study something that you are interested in and connect your interests to what you have and will learn in this course. Choosing a Topic The topic of the term paper must be related to international economics . Feasible choices of topics could include: -Current events: news articles on Titanium have highlighted current and recent events relevant to the course that you could explain using the models and tools from the course. For example, the article "Krugman, Trade Theory, and Apples Chip Problems with TSMCs Earthquake Damage" from chapter 6 explores how Apple's iPhone relies on computer chips made in Taiwan. There is a significant industrial cluster of semiconductor and computer chip production in Taiwan . You could explore the history of Taiwan's sem iconductor production, how the industrial cluster was formed, and the potential disadvantages of worldwide production of a certain product being concentrated in just a few places. -An analysis of the top imports and exports of a country : you could use the MIT Trade A tlas to find the top 5 imports and exports for a country. Then, using the Heckscher -Ohlin trade theory, New Trade Theory, and the concepts of comparative advantage, you could discuss if the top imports and exports from the country are consistent with the idea of those theories. I expect that you will use the economic logic and models that we've developed in the course to guide your analysis , so please choose a topic that is compatible with the tools that we have developed and will develop in this course. Please email me or talk to me if you have any questions about whether your topic is appropriate for the course. Suggested Format Your paper could be organized in the following way : Introduction: Here, you introduce the topic of your paper, and summarize briefly the conclusions of your paper. Summary of recent events or news articles on your topic: Here, you should examine recent events related to your topic in a way that wo uld interest the average reader, who is someone who is taking the course with you . Economic analysis using the tools or principles developed in this course: I expect that the economic analysis will make up at least 50% of your paper. Conclusion: Summarize the main points of your paper and leave an interesting question or result for your reader to ponder for the future. Rough Draft : Submitting a rough draft is optional . To ensure that you receive comments on your rough draft with enough time to perform some revisions, please submit it on or before Friday, April 28 th . Final Draft : The final draft is due on the Friday of finals week 11:59 PM. Please submit it through the Titanium dropbox . Late Assignment Policy for the Term Paper For every day that the final draft is late, I will deduct 25% off of the final grade up to a maximum of 75%. Technical Format Length: 3-5 pages writtendiagrams and graphs, which may be necessary for your analysis, do not count towards the page count. References and a title page do not count towards the page count either. Font: Times New Roman, 12 point Spacing: Double-spaced Page Margins: 1" left and right, 1" top and bottom Citations may be in any format style so long as you are consistent about the way that you format the citations. Please remember that the purpose of citations is to provide enough information to find the source of a fact , so you should include enough information to allow someone to easily trace back any information that you use to its source. Common citation formats include MLA and APA styles.
Monday, April 13, 2020
How to Find a Superior Essay Sample For Your College Assessments
How to Find a Superior Essay Sample For Your College AssessmentsIn your final year of college, you should be able to gather some references to see if the companies or universities you are considering pursuing an ergonomics assessment essay sample are within your budget. There are several tips for maximizing your efforts to come up with one of the best essays that is ready in time for the college entrance exam. And if you are still stuck in what to write about, you can certainly consider an essay sample written by a certified and highly experienced professional.Before you hire anyone, it is important to find out who is the most skilled writer in your line of work. A skilled writer will not only know which topic to cover but also have the essential talent of bringing the reader to the main point of the essay. If you find a writer through his resume, ask him if he will be able to accomplish a certain task set for you. He can tell you if he has had a certain experience or will have previ ous experience writing on that topic.You may look for a group of students that you will be working with on this project and then ask them to give you their opinion on their choice of writer. With your own information gathered, you can now ask to see samples of their work. The only problem with this method is that you will have to spend a lot of time comparing and scrutinizing each essay that you receive.A list of successful samples from a renowned company or university can be made to show you what works and what does not. You should get a second opinion from another person, a colleague who has not yet completed the task. It is important to realize that each person has a different way of looking at things and their comments might differ from your own standards.The most important thing is to get feedback from people you know. In this case, let them compare samples of the same subject and take the time to talk about the nature of the essay and how much the writer knew about the topic. One good quality of an essay is that it should contain the lessons you are trying to teach and this is why it is important to always look for the best writers and not just try to choose the first one that you think of.On your research, there are specific companies that will provide you with references. If you think that they have written an excellent essay, you can contact them. Some of them might even be willing to work with you to help you get your best possible sample.Remember, when you are choosing a company to write for you, make sure that they have given you a good job with very little work for you. You can discuss with them whether they can recommend anyone else. Sometimes, you might be able to get a sample for free or even pay a certain fee for an exceptional job.
Friday, March 13, 2020
010 Chips and Salsa Professor Ramos Blog
010 Chips and Salsa Midterm Project Chips and Salsa Donââ¬â¢t you hate it when you have too much of one and not enough of the other? There has to be the appropriate amount of chips to salsa for it to work, to taste good. Or Thinking Rhetorically. Midterm Project 80 Points Possible 50 for Article Post 30 for Presentation Topic: Diversity and Challenges In groups of one to three, locate one article, video, song, TED talk, or . Get creative on the texts. You will write a summary of the article (300 to 500 words) and write a post with a link to the text. You will also come up with one to two discussion questions to get the class talking about the article. The presentation is four to five minutes in length. Explaining what the article is about. DUE 10/31/2018 Wednesday Chp 6 Skeptics May Object Chapter 6 introduces a different sort of ââ¬Å"they sayâ⬠: the naysayer. The naysayer, or counterargument, appears after the conversation and after you have made some points. Including what the objections might be helps you make a more thorough point and adds credibility to the writing. Be careful to treat the objection carefully and fairly. Do not present a weak argument or a simplification of it because that can lead to a number of fallacies including the Strawman fallacy. The book offers suggestions for including the Naysayer or Skeptic. Anticipate Objections Entertain Objections in your own writing. Name the Naysayers. Introduce objections formally or informally Represent Objections Fairly Answer Objections Make concessions and stand your ground.
Tuesday, February 25, 2020
The Impact of Cross Border Mergers between the Other Countries and the Dissertation
The Impact of Cross Border Mergers between the Other Countries and the UK - Dissertation Example For instance, when the Daimler-Benz and Chrysler merged, both the companies stopped to exist and in their place DaimlerChrysler was formed. Cross border mergers are those mergers where the involved companies are set up in different countries. They comprise of a growing percentage of all the mergers. The cross border mergers are of two kinds, viz., the inward cross border mergers and the outward cross border mergers. In the inward cross border merger, the entire or parts of domestic companies are put up for sale to overseas investors, which result in inward movement of capital. In the case of an outward cross border merger, the domestic companies purchase the entire or segments of foreign companies resulting in outward flow of capital (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Economic Analysis and Statistics Division, 2003). Cross-border mergers are a very significant occurrence in the global economy. They encompass greater than 50% of all the foreign direct investment taking place in the world (Gugler & Et. Al., 2003). Companies engage in cross border merger activities for various motives, such as intensification of their market position, growing their business, getting hold of the other companyââ¬â¢s complementary resources, and to improve their efficiency by global business reorganization among others. During the period from 1995-2001, the United Kingdom was the second target nation after the United States for cross border inward mergers. During the same period, the United Kingdom was leading acquiring country, with most number of outward overseas mergers (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Economic Analysis and Statistics Division, 2003). Cross Border Mergers continued to contribute for a major percentage of annual global foreign direct investment flows till 2007. The overseas mergers were the chief mode of foreign direct investment entry to other countries, and consequently the primary reason for the boom in the global foreign direct investment market during the phase from 2003 to 2007. However, during 2008, due to the impact of the global financial crisis, the number of cross border mergers as well as acquisitions plunged. The decline in the overall cross border mergers has had a considerable effect on the Foreign Direct Investment flows. This was because, the flow of Foreign Direct Investment are strongly interrelated with the worth of the overall overseas merger transactions. There was a major reduction in the cross border merger activities in both the manufacturing as well as the services sector from 2008 to 2009. There was also an apparent relative swing towards the non-financial services, such as the food, beverages sector, during the same period. An impressive rise in the investments in agriculture and other associated activities through cross bo rder mergers was recorded during 2007-2008 (Burksaitiene, 2010). The research objective of this study is to analyze the impacts of the 2008 financial crisis that led to a global economic depression on the field of cross border mergers as an important investment method in the United Kingdom. The study also explores the major expansion opportunities and also the difficulties relating to the cross border mergers in the United Kingdom. The study also discusses the cross border mergers in details, including the advantages of investing through
Sunday, February 9, 2020
Introduction to Tourism Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Introduction to Tourism Management - Essay Example Tourists are people who Are staying in another place away from home (for a maximum period of one year), but will eventually return home; Are part of leisure and tourism related activities; Visit for temporary short periods; Are on day trips (they may not be outside overnight); Are on business trips, which may not be holidays (Rowe, Smith and Borein, 2002, 3-4). The basic components of trade and tourism are: Fig 1: The core components of tourism management (Source: Rowe, Smith and Borein, 2002, 6). B. ââ¬ËGeneratingââ¬â¢ countries: The countries from where people tend to visit other places as tourists, or countries from where there is more outbound tourism, are known as tourist-generating countries. The term refers to places where people travel away from their home countries to other international places, for leisure purposes or for conducting business. This is a form of outbound tourism (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2010, 109). As for example, a busin ess group travelling from UK to US, for some important exhibition; or a family travelling from UK to France for a holiday. Here, UK is the generating country. C. Receiving countries: The countries to which people travel for leisure purposes or for conducting business related activities, are known as receiving countries. As for example, teams from various international destinations travelling to UK for taking part in the Olympics; or a group of Chinese tourists going to UK for sightseeing, or for visiting family and friends. D. Main tourism ââ¬Ëreceiving' countries of the world: Travel and Tourism is a popular worldwide activity, associated with leisure and holidays. In 2010, figures revealed that more 940 million tourists from all parts of the world entered various receiving countries, leading to an increase of 6.6% in tourism when compared to the 2009 figures, and the total receiving global tourism numbers rose toà euroà 693 billion in 2010, equivalent to a 4.7% rise inà actual terms (UNWTO, 2011, 2). Owing to the 2007-08 economic downturns, internationalà tourismà suffered a setback, which started around June 2008. Here we find that the rise the global tourism arrivals in various receiving countries falling to 2% (especially during the summer season) (UNWTO, 2008, 1). This trend continued into 2009, when some countries were more affected than others owing to the worldwide outbreak of the H1N1 influenza virus, and in an average almost a 6% fall in tourism for the receiving countries (fall of 4% in global arrival numbers, resulting in around 880 million international tourist ââ¬Ëarrivalsââ¬â¢ in 2009) (ibid). Travel and tourism is an important segment in the economic sector of many ââ¬Ëreceivingââ¬â¢ countries, while for some ââ¬Ëreceivingââ¬â¢ countries tourism is a vital sector where the nationââ¬â¢s entire economy depends on the revenues earned from travel and tourism for an overall growth and development. Receiving countr ies where tourism earns large revenueà are USA, UK, Spain, France,à Italy, Greece, Egypt,à à Israel,à Lebanon,à Thailand, Fiji, Seychelles, The Bahamas,à Maldives,à and Philippines. Tourism brings in revenue from the payments made by the tourists forà the services and goods received; it creates various job opportunities within theà hospitality and serviceà that function within the travel and tourism. The hospitality and se
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